What are the available approaches for binary obfuscation in iOS apps (Swift + Objective-C)?

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I’m researching binary-level obfuscation techniques for iOS applications to better protect compiled code against reverse engineering.

Most discussions I’ve found focus on source-level obfuscation (e.g., symbol renaming in Swift or Objective-C), but I’m specifically interested in binary obfuscation after compilation.

The project I’m working on is a hybrid codebase using both Swift and Objective-C.

My questions are:

What techniques are commonly used for binary obfuscation in iOS apps?

Are there any practical or production-ready approaches that work at the binary level (e.g., Mach-O modification, instruction transformation, etc.)?

Are there any specific challenges or limitations when dealing with a mixed Swift + Objective-C codebase?

What are the risks involved (e.g., App Store rejection, runtime instability)?

How effective is binary obfuscation compared to source-level obfuscation in real-world scenarios?

I’m not looking for a specific tool, but rather general approaches, best practices, or real-world experiences—especially for apps that require strong protection against reverse engineering.

Any insights would be appreciated.

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